血脂異常影響國人健康甚鉅，除了改變生活型態，藥物治療也扮演相當重要的角色。降血脂藥物不只是使血脂蛋白恢復正常，更與心血管疾病息息相關，目前已有許多降血脂藥物的臨床研究，如statins，針對降低膽固醇可能減少罹患冠心病的風險，探討藥物對心血管疾病的預防效果。降血脂藥物共分為五大類：1.HMG-CoA還原抑制劑；2.纖維鹽酸衍生物；3.菸鹼酸類；4.膽酸結合樹脂類；5.膽固醇吸收抑制劑。本文以實證文獻回顧及整理方式，逐一介紹五大類降血脂藥物的作用機轉、副作用與病患應注意事項，並且整理目前臨床上與心血管疾病相關的研究結果，及降血脂藥品用在特殊族群需要注意的資訊。

Dyslipidemia made a great impact on our health. Therapeutic lifestyle change and drug therapy provide different interventions to improve patients’ cholesterol. The antilipidemic agents are not only for the treatment of patients’ dyslipidemia, but related to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Many clinical trials of antilipidemic agents have reported the evaluation of the efficacy on prevention of cardiovascular diseases, especially focus on statins, which revealed that LDL cholesterol associated with decreased risk for coronary heart disease events. In this article, we reviewed the efficacy, side effects, and precautions of five pharmacologic classes of antilipidemic agents including 1. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors; 2. Fibric acid derivatives; 3. Nicotinic acid; 4. Bile acid sequestrants; 5. Cholesterol absorption inhibitor. Furthermore, we included the results and recommendations of the effects on cardiovascular events from recent clinical researches, and provided information for specific population.