目的：肺臟移植理想給藥方案尚未達成共識，文獻顯示給與誘導治療，可降低急性排斥的發生率。因此本研究欲瞭解過去本院肺臟移植的病患有無使用誘導療法，對受贈者急性排斥率或預後的差異。
方法：本研究為回溯性資料分析。收納本院2006 ~ 2016 年接受肺臟移植的病人，並排除移植後14 天內死亡者。使用誘導療法者為暴露組，反之為非暴露組。療效之結果為移植後第1、第12 個月內是否發生急性排斥的差異及1 年存活率。安全性之結果為移植後使用維持治療後1 年內腎功能變化，及1 年內發生院內感染及伺機性感染的差異。
結果：試驗期間共有43 位病人接受肺臟移植手術，排除一位病人於接受移植後14 天內死亡。其中暴露組的病人6 位，非暴露組36 位。療效部分，移植後1 個月內發生急性排斥者，暴露組1 人（16.7%），非暴露組21 人（58.3%），未達統計顯著差異（p = 0.087）；累計移植後12 個月內發生急性排斥者，暴露組4 人（66.7%），非暴露組27 人（75%），未達統計顯著差異（p = 0.664）；第一次發生排斥暴露組的中位數為58 天較非暴露組的11 天長，但沒有統計顯著差異（p = 0.108）。安全性部分，腎功能變化和感染風險兩組皆無達到顯著差異。
結論：使用誘導治療降低1 個月內發生急性排斥及延長第一次發生排斥時間的趨勢，但無論是存活率、腎功能變化或感染率，兩組皆沒有差異。

Objective: No consensus exists regarding induction therapy for patients undergoing lung transplantation. Some studies have shown that administering induction agents could reduce the risk of acute rejection. This study analyzed differences in the acute rejection rate or outcomes between patients receiving and not receiving induction therapy.
Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent lung transplantation between 2006 and 2016. Patients who died within 14 days after lung
transplantation were excluded. Efficacy outcomes were the acute rejection rate within 1 and 12 months and the 1-year survival rate. Safety outcomes were changes in renal function and the occurrence of nosocomial or opportunistic infection within 1 year. Patients who received administered induction agents were included in the induction group, whereas those who did not receive administered induction agents were included in the non-induction group.
Results: A total of 43 patients underwent lung transplantation; however, 1 died after transplantation within 14 days. Of the remaining 42 patients, 6 and 36 were included in the induction and non-induction groups, respectively. One (16.7%) patient in the induction group and 21 (58.3%) patients in the non-induction group developed acute rejection within 1 month (p = 0.087). Furthermore, 4 (66.7%) patients in the induction group and 22 (75%) patients in the non-induction group developed acute rejection within 12 months (p = 0.664). The median time to rejection was 58 and 11 days in the induction and non-induction groups, respectively (p = 0.108). Neither the renal function nor infection rate significantly differed between the two groups.
Conclusions: Within 1 month, the acute rejection rate tended to decrease and the time to rejection tended to increase. However, no differences were noted in the survival rate, kidney function, or infection rate.