摘要

注意力不足過動症 (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ADHD) 為兒童及青少年中最常見的精神障礙疾病，其所伴隨的合併症是造成個人健康、家庭、國家醫療保健系統的重大社會經濟負擔。根據現有的臨床實踐指引已經對此疾病的治療策略有全面的共識，包含藥物治療、非藥物治療及合併療法，但傳統治療的長期影響及安全性尚需評估。許多父母會尋求補充及替代療法，即利用中醫藥治療來輔助傳統治療，其中以口服中草藥為最常使用的方式。中醫藥治療的臨床決策是以個人整體性考量，以辨證論治為基礎來提供適當的處方形式，其有效性及安全性已被證實。另外如植物療法所使用的植物製劑在治療ADHD 的臨床試驗中，其潛在療效及安全性也受到重視。本文探討此疾病在中醫的病理機制，統整口服中草藥、植物製劑在此疾病的應用，提供兒童及青少年病人臨床上另一個治療選擇。

 

 

ABSTRACT

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent neuropsychiatric condition among children and adolescents. Comorbidities associated with ADHD impose a substantial socioeconomic burden on individuals, their families, and national health-care systems. Current clinical practice guidelines provide a comprehensive consensus on treatment strategies, including pharmacotherapy, nonpharmacological interventions, and combination therapies. However, the longterm safety and effectiveness of conventional treatments warrant further evaluation. In consideration of this, many parents of children with ADHD seek complementary and alternative medicine, particularly traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), to supplement conventional treatments for the disorder, with orally administered Chinese herbal medicine being the most commonly used TCM. In TCM, clinical decisionmaking is based on a holistic, individualized approach known as “Bian Zheng Lun Zhi”(syndrome differentiation and treatment), which guides the selection of appropriate herbal formulas. The efficacy and safety of TCM interventions have been supported by clinical evidence. Furthermore, clinical trials on ADHD have increasingly focused on the potential therapeutic effects and safety of using botanical preparations in phytotherapy. The present review explored the pathological mechanisms of ADHD from a TCM perspective and summarized the application of oral Chinese herbal medicine and botanical preparations in managing the disorder. In addition, this review presents insights into alternative clinical treatment options for children and adolescents with ADHD.

 

 

Submitted for publication: 2025.06.23; Accepted for publication: 2025.10.10