對於癲癇病人而言，每天服用抗癲癇藥物是免於癲癇發作的重要關鍵，但是仍有高達25 ~ 30% 的兒科癲癇病人無法由現有的抗癲癇藥物得到緩解。Perampanel 是非競爭性拮抗α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) 受體的抗癲癇藥，目前國內適用於12 歲以上青少年及成人局部癲癇發作併有或未併有續發型全身發作之治療，及原發型全身強直─陣攣癲癇發作併有原發性全身發作之輔助治療。日前，美國食品藥物管理局同意放寬perampanel 用於4 歲以上兒童局部癲癇發作，增加了4 ~ 11 歲癲癇病童的用藥選擇。我們回溯perampanel 相關文獻，瞭解該藥用於治療兒童族群癲癇發作的療效及安全性。

For patients with epilepsy, daily intake of antiepileptic drugs is important to achieve seizure freedom. However, approximately 25–30% children with epilepsy continue to have seizures despite treatment with antiepileptic medications. Perampanel, an antiepileptic drug whose mechanism of action is α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor noncompetitive antagonism, is indicated for monotherapy or adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures (POS, with or without secondarily generalized seizures) in adult patients and adolescent patients aged ≥ 12 years with epilepsy. Furthermore, perampanel is used as an addon treatment for primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in adult patients and adolescent patients aged ≥ 12 years with generalized epilepsy. Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration expanded the indication of perampanel use in pediatric patients aged ≥ 4 years for management of POS, thus demonstrating perampanel as a new antiepileptic drug option for improving seizure control in patients aged 4–11 years, especially for children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. To investigate the efficacy and safety of perampanel in the management of epilepsy in children, we reviewed the literature on perampanel and pediatric patients with epilepsy.