在臨床上第2型糖尿病患者常使用statins降低低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol; LDL-C)。口服降血糖藥物thiazolidinediones (TZDs)因提高肌肉及脂肪組織對胰島素的敏感性，而產生降低血糖之作用並有改善三酸甘油酯及膽固醇的效果。本回溯性研究目的是評估TZDs和statins合併治療後是否對血脂改善會有進一步的效果。本研究共有263位第2型糖尿病病人納入分析。一組僅使用statins藥物（稱為non-TZD組）共200人，另一組為使用TZD加上statins藥物（稱為TZD組）的病人共63人。此二組使用statins的治療後在血脂的改善上並無顯著統計學上的差異。但進一步分析顯示TZD組中pioglitazone與rosiglitazone對高密度脂蛋白膽固醇（High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol；HDL-C）的影響有顯著的差異(1.19 ± 9.54, 95% IC= -1.84到4.22 vs -5.40 ± 11.48, 95% IC= -9.9到 -0.9, P < 0.05)。但三酸甘油酯、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇之改變值，二組並無差異。本研究顯示第2型糖尿病病人不論是否使用TZDs藥物，當併用statins藥物後對於血脂異常的改善程度並無顯著差異。但pioglitazone對於HDL-C的提升效果優於rosiglitazone。

Statins are often prescribed for Type 2 diabetes to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the clinical practice setting. Oral hypoglycemic agents, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), enhancing insulin sensitivity in skeletal and adipose tissue, can lower blood glucose and improve blood triglyceride and cholesterol level. The objective of this study was to assess whether the use of combined regimen of TZDs and statins had a better effect on blood lipids. The retrospective study included 263 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes, 200 patients on statin drug only (non-TZD group) and 63 patients with both TZD and statin drug (TZD group). There was no significant statistical difference between these two groups in improving lipid profile. However, further analysis showed that in the TZD group, the result of HDL-C, had significant differences between pioglitazone and rosiglitazone (1.19 ± 9.54, 95% IC= -1.84, 4.22 vs -5.40 ± 11.48, 95% IC= -9.9. -0.9, P < 0.05). While the changes of triglyceride and LDL-C value were no difference between the two TZDs. The combination use of TZDs with statins for dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes showed no significant difference in the improvement of lipidemia. Furthermore, pioglitazone increased HDL-C but rosiglitazone decreased HDL-C, respectively.