目的：本研究目的為收集醫院個案之資料，以評估病人使用鎮靜安眠藥，進而瞭解其用藥合理性，供作日後訂定該類藥品使用規範參考依據。
方法：採回溯性研究，以北部地區某精神專科醫院2009 年1 月至12 月所有門診醫令檔資料庫為研究母群體，針對鎮靜安眠藥以WHO ATC 定義之標準日劑量（defined daily dose,DDD）為基數，除進行整體描述性統計外，異常處方型態與病患特質進行t-test、χ2-test檢定，並以以邏輯式迴歸分析預測異常處方之高風險族群。
結果：研究分析發現，併用2 種（含）以上benzodiazepine 的處方佔38.88%；劑量過高的異常處方佔37.56%；給藥總量過多的異常處方佔33.51%。控制其他變項後，重複併用以情感性精神病診斷風險機率最高（OR=2.957）；劑量過高以睡眠障礙風險機率最高（OR=4.543）；給藥總量過多亦是以睡眠障礙風險機率最高（OR=4.418）。
結論：鎮靜安眠藥於門診之使用率約六成，其中不論是重複併用、劑量過高或給藥總量過多的異常處方約佔所有門診處方將近三、四成左右，無論從費用或病人健康角度來看，都是值得重視的問題。本研究建議異常處方之高風險族群應建立鎮靜安眠藥物安全資訊系統，以管控鎮靜安眠藥物重複用藥或用量偏高之現象。

Objective:The study aims were to understand the appropriateness of sedative-hypnotics prescriptions and serve as a reference for future guidelines of these prescriptions by comprehensively investigating the medication history of patients in a mental hospital.
Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to use all outpatient medical records between January and December 2009 from a mental hospital in northern Taiwan. According to sedative-hypnotics DDD developed by WHO ATC, descriptive statistics, t-test and χ2-test were used to evaluate incorrect prescription patterns and patients characteristics, analysis is conducted by means of logistic regression to predict the high-risk groups of medication errors.
Results:The percentages of these problem prescriptions were listed as follows: combining 2 and above kinds of benzodiazepin 38.88%; high dose 37.56% and high total amount of medicine 33.51%. After controlling for other variables, among all of the medication errors, polypharmacy was most likely to happen to patients with affective psychosis (OR = 2.957); high-dose was most likely to happen to patients with sleep disorders (OR=4.543); over-amount was most likely to affect patients with sleep disorders (OR=4.418).
Conclusions:Overall, an estimate 60% of outpatients utilize sedative-hypnotics. Polypharmacy, high-dose and over-amount were prescribed in 30%~40% of all prescriptions. From the perspective of medical expenses or patients’ healthy condition, it is the issue which we should pay more attention to. This study offers a suggestion to adopt a sedative-hypnotics safety system for the high risk group of incorrect prescriptions so that we can monitor the situation of polypharmacy or overdose.