卡介苗（Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, BCG）用於預防結核病，其引起的不良反應一般是輕度及局部的，亦多在注射後5個月內發生。本文為一發生於施打BCG一年半後才發生嚴重化膿性淋巴腺炎的案例。案例為一位2歲男童，有多處先天異常，出生時診斷有CHARGE症候群（聯合畸形症候群），3個月後診斷免疫缺陷。約1個月大時施打BCG疫苗，17個月後，左手臂施打BCG疫苗處皮膚顏色變深且有化膿情形，之後化膿部位逐漸擴大，並伴隨持續間歇性的發燒，此次民國98年2月住院治療時，經由該部位皮膚切片及化膿處的採檢培養，確定為Nontuberculous mycobacteria（非結核分枝桿菌）的感染，診斷為施打BCG所造成的不良反應，治療則採用外科手術方式切開引流，並加上口服抗結核菌藥物治療建議治療6個月以上，案例經治療後，情況好轉，醫師亦建議家屬向衛生局提出預防接種受害的救濟申請。
 

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has long been used for tuberculosis prevention. The adverse effects of this vaccine are generally mild and localized, and usually occur within 5 months after BCG vaccination. This article describes a severe suppurative lymphadenitis adverse reaction that appeared in one and a half years after injection. This case subject is a 2 y/o boy born with multiple congenital abnormalities called CHARGE syndrome and was diagnosed of immunodeficiency after 3 months of birth. He was given a BCG vaccine when he was one month old, but 17 months later, a pustule developed on his left arm at the site of injection where the skin color became darker and was purulent. Then the purulent area gradually expanded and there was intermittent fever. And then in February, 2009 when he was hospitalized for treatment, skin biopsy and pus culture confirmed that he had nontuberculous mycobacteria infection and was diagnosed as the adverse reaction caused by the BCG vaccination. Suggested treatment is surgical incision and drainage and usage of oral anti-TB medicine was recommended for at least 6 months. After the treatment, the patient’s condition got better. And his physician suggested his family to file a relief application to the local health agency for victims of immunization.