摘要

目的：服藥遵從性是病人照護中的關鍵環節，對於達成臨床目標更是不可或缺。本研究使用全國中老年調查資料探討影響高血壓病人服藥遵從相關因素。
 

方法：本研究使用2015 年中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查資料。納入過去一年有因高血壓就診的病人。用藥遵從性採題目“ 您是否會依照醫師告訴您的服藥指示來服用藥物？”回覆“完全遵照指示”、“大致遵循”。擷取問卷內容作為共變數（covariate) 探討影響服藥遵從性的因素。共納入12 個共變數進行多元邏輯斯迴歸，包含：不識字、獨居、就醫方便性、對疾病了解、是否看懂藥袋、視力、聽力、行動能力、抑鬱程度、對生活滿意度、認知功能及測量血壓頻率。
 

結果：2015 年受訪者共有8,300 人，納入研究的高血壓病人有3,433 (41.4%) 人，服藥遵從有2,930 (85.3%) 人。多元邏輯斯迴歸結果顯示，提高用藥遵醫囑性的有不識字 (odds ratio [OR] 1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11–2.52)、聽懂醫療院所之醫護人員對病情或醫療處理的內容或建議 (OR 4.99, 95% CI 3.05–8.15)、看懂藥袋上的藥物使用說明 (OR 4.11, 95% CI 2.63–6.43)、聽力良好 (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.39–3.23)；對生活滿意 (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.95–3.89) 及認知功能良好 (OR 3.97, 95% CI

2.58–6.10)。
 

結論：不識字病人服藥遵從性相對高。會影響高血壓病人服藥遵從性的因素有對自身病情了解、看懂藥袋說明、聽力良好、對生活滿意和認知功能良好。

 

ABSTRACT

Objective: Medication adherence is a critical component of patient care and is essential for achieving clinical goals. This study used data from a nationwide survey of middle-aged and elderly individuals to explore factors influencing medication adherence among patients with hypertension.
 

Methods: This study utilized data from the 2015 Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging. Patients who sought medical care for hypertension during the past year were included. Medication adherence was defined as answering “fully follow instructions” or “mostly follow” to the question: “Do you take your medication according to the instructions given by your doctor?”. A total of 12 covariates were extracted to explore factors influencing medication adherence, including illiteracy, living alone, access to medical care, understanding of the disease and medication instructions, vision, hearing, mobility, depression level, life satisfaction, cognitive function, and frequency of blood pressure measurement.
 

Results: In 2015, a total of 8,300 respondents were interviewed, among whom 3,433 (41.4%) were diagnosed with hypertension and 2,930 (85.3%) had good medication adherence. Multiple logistic regression showed that factors associated with increased medication adherence included being illiterate (odds ratio (OR) 1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11–2.52), understanding the medical condition (OR 4.99, 95% CI 3.05–8.15), understanding medication instructions (OR 4.11, 95% CI 2.63–6.43), good hearing (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.39–3.23), life satisfaction (OR 2.76, 95% CI 1.95–3.89) and good cognitive function (OR 3.97, 95% CI 2.58–6.10).
 

Conclusions: Medication adherence was relatively higher among illiterate patients. Factors that affect medication adherence in patients with hypertension include understanding the medical condition, understanding medication instructions, good hearing, life satisfaction and good cognitive function.

 

 

Submitted for publication: 2025.09.16; Accepted for publication: 2025.11.07