摘要

大麻，人們憧憬著它所蘊藏的醫療潛力，卻又懼怕它的致幻作用與成癮風險，這個古老的草藥總是覆蓋著一層神秘面紗，讓人們看不清其真面目。本篇就大麻使用的歷史淵源說起，原來大麻各個部位的民生用途、醫療用途，古人們早已道盡一切。隨著時間的推移，科學的進步讓我們得以深入大麻的分子世界，一窺其複雜的化學組成。現代研究揭示了大麻中兩種最主要的活性成分：四氫大麻酚 (tetrahydrocannabinol, THC) 與大麻二酚 (cannabidiol, CBD)。THC 是大麻致幻、成癮的罪魁禍首，它能扭曲感知、操控情緒，甚至誘發精神疾病，將使用者推向危險的邊緣。而CBD，則展現出截然不同的面貌，其不具精神活性，卻擁有抗焦慮、抗發炎、止痛、抗癲癇等多種醫療潛力，為慢性疼痛、癲癇、焦慮症等患者帶來了希望的曙光。在全球醫用大麻合法化的浪潮下，我們更應審慎地參考國際使用規範，嚴謹修訂臺灣的大麻管制規則，並深入瞭解大麻中毒與戒斷症狀，唯有理性客觀地權衡利弊得失，參考最新的臨床研究，才能幫助大麻相關製劑的使用者做出最明智的判斷。

 

ABSTRACT

Cannabis, an ancient herb, holds both promise and peril. Its therapeutic potential is promising, yet its psychoactive effects and addictive nature raise serious concerns. Historically, civilizations utilized all parts of the cannabis plant for various purposes. Modern science has identified two key components: tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). THC, the primary psychoactive agent, is responsible for its intoxicating effects and addiction potential. Conversely, CBD is non-psychoactive and displays a range of therapeutic properties, including anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antiepileptic effects. This makes it a promising treatment for chronic pain, epilepsy, and anxiety. In the global trend of legalizing medical cannabis, it is imperative that we carefully refer to international usage norms and rigorously revise Taiwan’s cannabis control regulations. A comprehensive understanding of the symptoms of cannabis intoxication and withdrawal is crucial. Only through a rational and objective evaluation of its benefits and risks, informed by the latest clinical research, can we empower users of cannabis-based products to make judicious and informed decisions.

 

 

Submitted for publication: 2025.1.2; Accepted for publication: 2025.2.20